Metabolic phenotyping in the development personalized nutrition

Abstract

Diet is an important modifiable lifestyle factor affecting the risk of developing of most non-communicable diseases. A properly selected diet protects against the development of many diseases or supports their treatment. Randomized clinical trials have shown that personalized nutrition is more effective than general nutritional advice in terms of changing eating habits and treating obesity. Depending on the degree of diversification of dietary recommendations and their adaptation to the individualsâ needs, one can differentiate: stratified, personalized and precise nutrition. Metabolic phenotyping â grouping people based on their metabolic characteristics â is a relatively new research field which may have a great value in the development of personalized nutrition. Many studies have shown that people with different metabotypes react differently to a diet or specific nutritional interventions. This article reviews current studies regarding the possibility of using the metabolic phenotyping in stratified and personalized nutrition. The article presents methods for creating metabolic phenotypes, diagnostic and prognostic research involving metabotyping and research that use metabotyping for the delivery of targeted dietary advice conducted so far.