The role of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in neurodegenerative processes and in the neuroregeneration mechanisms induced by increased physical activity

Authors

  • Paulina Małczyńska Department of Genetics, Institute of Psychiatric and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
  • Zofia Piotrowicz Department of Sports Theory, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
  • Dorota Drabarek Department of Tourism and Health in BiałaPodlaska, Józef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Biała Podlaska, Poland
  • Józef Langfort Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Center Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
  • Małgorzata Chalimoniuk Department of Tourism and Health in BiałaPodlaska, Józef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Biała Podlaska, Poland

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18388/pb.2019_251

Abstract

The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) belongs to the family of neurotrophins synthesized in the central and peripheral nervous system.
Several specific miRNAs (miR-1, miR-126 and miR-30a-5p) are involved in the regulation of BDNF synthesis. Its synthesis is also influenced
by the SNP-Val 66Met BDNF polymorphism (rs 6265). BNDF can cross the blood brain barrier. Its role in the central and peripheral rely
on regulation of important physiological functions, i.e. development and growth of neurons, the process of learning and memory, apoptosis,
neurogenesis and neuroregenation through activation of TRkB and p75NTR receptors. Lowering BDNF level mediates neurodenegeration
of neurons including dopaminergic neurons in Parkinsonâs disease. Regular long-term repeated physical exercise and/or moderate to high
intensity training induces an increase level of BDNF and TrkB receptors in the brain regions responsible for motor activity, preventing neurodegeneration,
especially in the

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Published

2019-03-22

Issue

Vol. 65 No. 1 (2019)

Section

Articles

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